-->![Certificate with private key Certificate with private key](/uploads/1/2/6/6/126623391/854061932.png)
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- Get Private Key From Certificate
- Windows Create Private Key
- Generate Private Key Certificate Windows 7
- Certificate With Private Key
Important
Sep 11, 2018 As a security precaution, always generate a new CSR and private key when you are renewing a certificate. Clinging to the same private key is a road paved with security vulnerabilities. Also, it is recommended to renew an SSL certificate before the expiration date. Save the text file in the same folder where you saved the private key, using the.pub extension to indicate that the file contains a public key. If you or others are going to use an SSH client that requires the OpenSSH format for private keys (such as the ssh utility on Linux), export the private key: On the Conversions menu, choose Export. An online payment protocol supported by the major banks. I have to implement a 'professional' version. This includes creating a RSA private key. Based on that key I have to create a certificate and upload it to the webserver. I'm on a Windows machine and completely confused what to do.
MakeCert.exe is deprecated. For current guidance on creating a certificate, see Create a certificate for package signing.
Learn how to use MakeCert.exe and Pvk2Pfx.exe to create a test code signing certificate, so that you can sign your Windows app packages.
You must digitally sign your packaged Windows apps before you deploy them. If you don't use Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 to create and sign your app packages, you need to create and manage your own code signing certificates. You can create certificates by using MakeCert.exe and Pvk2Pfx.exe from the Windows Driver Kit (WDK). Then you can use the certificates to sign the app packages, so they can be deployed locally for testing.
What you need to know
Technologies
Prerequisites
- MakeCert.exe and Pvk2Pfx.exe tools from the WDK
Instructions
Step 1: Determine the publisher name of the package
To make the signing certificate that you create usable with the app package that you want to sign, the subject name of the signing certificate must match the Publisher attribute of the Identity element in the AppxManifest.xml for that app. For example, suppose the AppxManifest.xml contains:
For the publisherName parameter that you specify with the MakeCert utility in the next step, use 'CN=Contoso Software, O=Contoso Corporation, C=US'.
Note
This parameter string is specified in quotes and is both case and whitespace sensitive.
The Publisher attribute string that is defined for the Identity element in the AppxManifest.xml must be identical to the string that you specify with the MakeCert /n parameter for the certificate subject name. Copy and paste the string where possible.
Step 2: Create a private key using MakeCert.exe
Use the MakeCert utility to create a self-signed test certificate and private key:
This command prompts you to provide a password for the .pvk file. We recommend that you choose a strong password and keep your private key in a secure location.
We recommend that you use the suggested parameters in the preceding example for these reasons:
/r
Creates a self-signed root certificate. This simplifies management for your test certificate.
/h 0
![Certificate with private key Certificate with private key](/uploads/1/2/6/6/126623391/854061932.png)
Marks the basic constraint for the certificate as an end-entity. This prevents the certificate from being used as a Certification Authority (CA) that can issue other certificates.
/eku
Sets the Enhanced Key Usage (EKU) values for the certificate.
Note
Don't put a space between the two comma-delimited values.
- 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3 indicates that the certificate is valid for code signing. Always specify this value to limit the intended use for the certificate.
- 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.10.3.13 indicates that the certificate respects lifetime signing. Typically, if a signature is time stamped, as long as the certificate was valid at the point when it was time stamped, the signature remains valid even if the certificate expires. This EKU forces the signature to expire regardless of whether the signature is time stamped.
/e
Sets the expiration date of the certificate. Provide a value for the expirationDate parameter in the mm/dd/yyyy format. We recommend that you choose an expiration date only as long as necessary for your testing purposes, typically less than a year. This expiration date in conjunction with the lifetime signing EKU can help to limit the window in which the certificate can be compromised and misused.
For more info about other options, see MakeCert.
Step 3: Create a Personal Information Exchange (.pfx) file using Pvk2Pfx.exe
Get Private Key From Certificate
Use the Pvk2Pfx utility to convert the .pvk and .cer files that MakeCert created to a .pfx file that you can use with SignTool to sign an app package:
The MyKey.pvk and MyKey.cer files are the same files that MakeCert.exe created in the previous step. By using the optional /po parameter, you can specify a different password for the resulting .pfx; otherwise, the .pfx has the same password as MyKey.pvk.
For more info about other options, see Pvk2Pfx.
Remarks
After you create the .pfx file, you can use the file with SignTool to sign an app package. For more info, see How to sign an app package using SignTool. But the certificate is still not trusted by the local computer for deployment of app packages until you install it into the trusted certificates store of the local computer. You can use Certutil.exe, which comes with Windows.
Windows Create Private Key
To install certificates with WindowsCertutil.exe
- Run Cmd.exe as administrator.
- Run this command:
Generate Private Key Certificate Windows 7
We recommend that you remove the certificates if they are no longer in use. From the same administrator command prompt, run this command:
The certID is the serial number of the certificate. Run this command to determine the certificate serial number:
Security Considerations
By adding a certificate to local machine certificate stores, you affect the certificate trust of all users on the computer. We recommend that you install any code signing certificates that you want for testing app packages to the Trusted People certificate store. Promptly remove those certificates when they are no longer necessary, to prevent them from being used to compromise system trust.
Related topics
Samples
Concepts
Several tools exist to generate SSH public/private key pairs. The following sections show how to generate an SSH key pair on UNIX, UNIX-like and Windows platforms.
Generating an SSH Key Pair on UNIX and UNIX-Like Platforms Using the ssh-keygen Utility
UNIX and UNIX-like platforms (including Solaris and Linux) include the ssh-keygen utility to generate SSH key pairs.
To generate an SSH key pair on UNIX and UNIX-like platforms using the ssh-keygen utility:
- Navigate to your home directory:
- Run the ssh-keygen utility, providing as
filename
your choice of file name for the private key:The ssh-keygen utility prompts you for a passphrase for the private key. - Enter a passphrase for the private key, or press Enter to create a private key without a passphrase:Note:While a passphrase is not required, you should specify one as a security measure to protect the private key from unauthorized use. When you specify a passphrase, a user must enter the passphrase every time the private key is used.The ssh-keygen utility prompts you to enter the passphrase again.
- Enter the passphrase again, or press Enter again to continue creating a private key without a passphrase:
- The ssh-keygen utility displays a message indicating that the private key has been saved as
filename
and the public key has been saved asfilename
.pub
. It also displays information about the key fingerprint and randomart image.
Generating an SSH Key Pair on Windows Using the PuTTYgen Program
The PuTTYgen program is part of PuTTY, an open source networking client for the Windows platform.
To generate an SSH key pair on Windows using the PuTTYgen program:
![Generate Private Key Certificate Windows Generate Private Key Certificate Windows](https://www.ssls.com/knowledgebase/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/privatkey_6.png)
Certificate With Private Key
- Download and install PuTTY or PuTTYgen.To download PuTTY or PuTTYgen, go to http://www.putty.org/ and click the You can download PuTTY here link.
- Run the PuTTYgen program.
- Set the Type of key to generate option to SSH-2 RSA.
- In the Number of bits in a generated key box, enter 2048.
- Click Generate to generate a public/private key pair.As the key is being generated, move the mouse around the blank area as directed.
- (Optional) Enter a passphrase for the private key in the Key passphrase box and reenter it in the Confirm passphrase box.Note:While a passphrase is not required, you should specify one as a security measure to protect the private key from unauthorized use. When you specify a passphrase, a user must enter the passphrase every time the private key is used.
- Click Save private key to save the private key to a file. To adhere to file-naming conventions, you should give the private key file an extension of
.ppk
(PuTTY private key).Note:The.ppk
file extension indicates that the private key is in PuTTY's proprietary format. You must use a key of this format when using PuTTY as your SSH client. It cannot be used with other SSH client tools. Refer to the PuTTY documentation to convert a private key in this format to a different format. - Select all of the characters in the Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file box.Make sure you select all the characters, not just the ones you can see in the narrow window. If a scroll bar is next to the characters, you aren't seeing all the characters.
- Right-click somewhere in the selected text and select Copy from the menu.
- Open a text editor and paste the characters, just as you copied them. Start at the first character in the text editor, and do not insert any line breaks.
- Save the text file in the same folder where you saved the private key, using the
.pub
extension to indicate that the file contains a public key. - If you or others are going to use an SSH client that requires the OpenSSH format for private keys (such as the
ssh
utility on Linux), export the private key:- On the Conversions menu, choose Export OpenSSH key.
- Save the private key in OpenSSH format in the same folder where you saved the private key in
.ppk
format, using an extension such as.openssh
to indicate the file's content.